As it is known, one of the easy and economical ways to transport bulk cargoes from one place to another is to use tipper type semi-trailer. Loading and unloading times for tippers are very short. Tippers can be used in the roads with difficult conditions. There are many reasons to use a tipper type semi-trailer like these. However, there are also points to be considered in the use of tippers:
Type of Load
Total load quantity
Working conditions
If we chose the semi-trailer we will use according to all these factors, we can use the semi-trailer safely and for a long time. We can also make more profit by using this tipper.
Type of Load: For example, will 2cm x 2cm stones be transported with the tipper, or will 1 meter x 1 meter stones be transported? Or grains like barley and wheat? The first priority is to determine the load that we will transport on the tipper. Because the properties of these loads are very different from one to another. Even the methods of loading the tipper are different from one to another. Therefore, it is necessary to design the tipper according to the nature of the loads to be transported.
Dampers can be divided into four different categories according to their geometry and volume:
1- Half Pipe (U-shaped) Semi Trailer Tipper: It is ideal for transporting stones such as sand and gravel. Depending on the type of stone, the thickness of the sheets used in the production of boxes may vary.
2- Accordion type Semi Trailer: Ideal for bulk cargoes such as grain, coal, garbage and scrap. Especially easily flowing loads can be transported with this tipper. The volume of these tippers is large. These tippers should be used to carry loads with low specific gravity and high fluidity.
3- Square Type (Rock Type) Semi-trailers: Ideal for transporting large rocks. These tippers can be used in mines and road construction works. However, this type of tippers should not be used for the transport of fine-grained loads such as sand. Because of the tipper's square shape, sand can stick to corners. Vibrations due to road conditions can increase adhesion to these corners. Small granular particles behave as a whole with the effect of vibration. Especially if the sand is moist, the adhesion increases gradually. When Tipper wants to discharge the load, the adhered load does not flow and therefore the box does not empty. This is one of the main reasons for Tipper's overthrow.
4-Side Cover Tipper: It is designed for general purpose uses. The purpose is to ensure that the vehicle is not empty on the way out and on the way back. Therefore, it is to reduce the transportation costs. With this type of tipper, both bulk and palletized loads can be transported. For example, this Tipper can take bulk wheat to the mill and bring the flour sacks produced by the mill. Or clinker can be taken to the cement factory and cement bags can be carried. This vehicle can be used as both tipper and general cargo. These tippers are designed for multi-purpose uses. Suitable for fluid loads.
Another important issue is the carrying capacity of the vehicle. In any case, loads above the carrying capacity of the vehicle should not be carried. Because the vehicle should be used economically throughout its entire life. There are four important points in the carrying capacity of the vehicle:
a- King Pin Carrying Capacity: The part of the tipper's weight falling on the tow-truck. Generally, the carrying capacity of 4x2 tractors is max. 11.5 tons. Max. It is 18 tons for 6x2 or 6x4. And finally, max. 25 tons for 8x4. But for the exact information, please check the information of your tow-ruck.
b- Axle Carrying Capacity: Each axle used has a maximum carrying capacity. These limits should not be exceeded for an economical and healthy use. For example, let's say our axle group is 3x12 Tons. Total carrying capacity is 3x12=36 tons. A load of more than 36 tons should not be thrown on this axle group. Otherwise, the axle, tire and chassis will be damaged.
c- Tire Carrying Capacity: Each tire has a carrying capacity. This information is recorded on the tire. As in the photo, the tire has a load and speed index. Which values these indexes correspond to can be found very easily on the internet. Let's talk about the axle example above again. Let the capacity of our axle set be 3x12. And let's use 385/65/R22.5 super single tires on this axle group. Maximum axle capacity is 36 tons. The carrying capacity of the tires is 6x4.5 tons; a maximum of 27 Tons in total. Therefore, the capacity of the axle group has decreased to 27 tons. Tires of this size cannot carry more load. Let's use double tires of 315/80/R22.5 size for the same axles this time. A total of 12 tires will be used. The total carrying capacity of the tires is 12x3.15 tons = 37.8 tons. Tires can carry this load. In other words, the carrying capacity of the tires and the carrying capacity of the axle should be compatible with each other.
d- Empty Weight of the Vehicle: When talking about the load capacity of the vehicle, a mistake is often made. Let's say the King Pin Carrying Capacity of a vehicle is 15 tons. Let the axle group capacity be 3x12= 36 tons. In total, the carrying capacity of the vehicle will be 15+36=51 tons. Here is where the mistake is made. It is thought that 51 tons of load will be thrown on the vehicle. This is completely wrong. We must not forget the curb weight (empty weight) of the vehicle. After all, the vehicle carries itself. Its own weight also puts on the tires and the 5th Wheel. Let's do the same calculation as follows. Yes, Tipper's capacity is 51 tons in total. Let the curb weight of the vehicle be 10 tons. Then the maximum load capacity is 51 tons – 11 Tons = 40 tons. The importance of the curb weight of the vehicle comes into play here. If the empty weight of the vehicle was 9 tons, 42 tons of cargo could be carried with the same vehicle. Every extra load carried earn us extra money. Fuel is also saved. When buying a tipper, always ask about the curb weight of the vehicle.
Again, when choosing the tipper, the terrain conditions in which the semi-trailer will operate are also very important. Is it an off-road terrain, an on-road terrain, or a road condition that covers both situations. The terrain structure is extremely effective on the chassis. Rough terrain structures strain the chassis. The producer company should know the land structure and usage conditions in advance. If chassis suitable for these conditions are produced, the tipper will be healthy and long-lasting.
If you consider all these features and choose the right tipper, you will have a more economical vehicle. You secure your costs. In the long run you use this tipper and earn more money.
Fesan Trailer with all its experience is always ready to help you select the right tipper.
